Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izikhwama bezisakwazi ukuyothenga nakuba bekufunwa imvelo
Izikhwama zepulasitiki okuthiwa ziyakwazi ukubola bezingakaguquki futhi zikwazi ukuthwala ukuthenga eminyakeni emithathu ngemuva kokuchayeka emvelweni, ucwaningo selutholile.
Ucwaningo lwahlola okokuqala izikhwama ezivundisiwe, izinhlobo ezimbili zezikhwama ezibolayo kanye nezikhwama ezijwayelekile zokuthwala ngemuva kokuchayeka isikhathi eside olwandle, emoyeni nasemhlabeni.Azikho izikhwama ezibole ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izindawo.
Isikhwama esivundisiwe sibonakala sihambe kangcono kunesikhwama esibizwa nge-biodegradable.Isampula lesikhwama esivundisiwe lanyamalala ngokuphelele ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu endaweni yasolwandle kodwa abacwaningi bathi kudingeka umsebenzi owengeziwe ukuze kutholwe ukuthi iyini imikhiqizo ephukile futhi kubhekwe noma yimiphi imiphumela engase ibe khona kwezemvelo.
Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu izikhwama “ezibolayo” ezazigqitshwe enhlabathini nasolwandle zakwazi ukuthwala ukuthenga.Isikhwama se-compostable sasikhona emhlabathini ezinyangeni ezingu-27 ngemuva kokungcwatshwa, kodwa lapho sihlolwa ngokuthenga asikwazanga ukubamba isisindo ngaphandle kokudabula.
Abacwaningi bophiko lwe-International Marine Litter Research Unit yaseNyuvesi yasePlymouth bathi lolu cwaningo - olushicilelwe ephephabhukwini i-Environmental Science and Technology - luphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi ukwakheka okubolayo okubolayo kungathenjelwa kukho ukuze kunikeze izinga elithuthuke ngokwanele lokuwohloka futhi ngaleyo ndlela kube nesixazululo esingokoqobo inkinga kadoti wepulasitiki.
U-Imogen Napper, obehola lolu cwaningo, uthe:“Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, ngamangala ngempela ukuthi noma yiziphi izikhwama zase zingakwazi ukuthwala umthwalo wokuthenga.Ukuze izikhwama ze-biodegradable zikwazi ukwenza lokho kwakumangalisa kakhulu.Uma ubona into ebhalwe ngaleyo ndlela, ngicabanga ukuthi uvele ucabange ukuthi izokwehlisa isithunzi ngokushesha kunezikhwama ezijwayelekile.Kepha, ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu okungenani, ucwaningo lwethu lukhombisa ukuthi lokho kungenzeka kungabi njalo. ”
Cishe uhhafu wamapulasitiki uyalahlwa ngemva kokusetshenziswa kanye futhi inani elikhulu ligcina liwudoti.
Ngaphandle kokwethulwa kwezindleko zezikhwama zepulasitiki e-UK, izitolo ezinkulu zisakhiqiza izigidigidi unyaka ngamunye.Aucwaningo lwezitolo ezinkulu eziyi-10ngabakwaGreenpeace baveze ukuthi bakhiqiza izikhwama zepulasitiki ezisetshenziswa kanye ezingu-1.1bn, amapulasitiki angu-1.2bn akhiqiza izikhwama zezithelo nemifino kanye “nezikhwama zokuphila konke” ezingu-958m ezingasetshenziswa kabusha ngonyaka.
Ucwaningo lwe-Plymouth luthi ngo-2010 kulinganiselwa ukuthi izikhwama zepulasitiki ezithwala i-98.6bn zafakwa emakethe ye-EU futhi cishe izikhwama zepulasitiki ezengeziwe ezingu-100bn ziye zafakwa njalo ngonyaka kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.
Ukuqwashisa ngenkinga yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki kanye nomthelela emvelweni kuye kwaholela ekukhuleni kwalokho okubizwa nge-biodegradable and compostable options.
Ucwaningo luthi eminye yale mikhiqizo iyamakethwa kanye nezitatimende ezikhombisa ukuthi "ingaphinde isetshenziswe kabusha emvelweni ngokushesha kakhulu kunopulasitiki ojwayelekile" noma "izinto ezihlukile ezisekelwe esitshalweni zepulasitiki".
Kodwa uNapper uthe imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi azikho izikhwama okungathenjelwa kuzo ukuthi zikhombise ukuwohloka okukhulu esikhathini esiyiminyaka emithathu kuzo zonke izindawo."Ngakho-ke akucaci ukuthi ukwakheka kwe-oxo-biodegradable noma okubolayo kuhlinzeka ngezilinganiso ezithuthuke ngokwanele zokuwohloka ukuze kube nenzuzo esimweni sokunciphisa udoti wasolwandle, uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhwama ezivamile," ucwaningo lwathola.
Ucwaningo luveze ukuthi indlela izikhwama ezivundisiwe ezilahlwa ngayo ibalulekile.Kufanele ziwohloke ngokwezinto eziphilayo ohlelweni olulawulwayo lokwenza umquba ngesenzo sezinto ezincane eziphilayo ezivele ngokwemvelo.Kodwa umbiko uthe lokhu kudinga umfudlana ozinikele emfucumfucwini ovundisiwe - i-UK engenawo.
I-Vegware, ekhiqize isikhwama se-compostable esisetshenziswe ocwaningweni, ithe lolu cwaningo luyisikhumbuzo esifike ngesikhathi sokuthi akukho lutho oluwumlingo, futhi lungaphinda lusetshenziswe endaweni efanele.
"Kubalulekile ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwamagama afana ne-compostable, biodegradable kanye (oxo) -degradable," kusho umkhulumeli.“Ukulahla umkhiqizo emvelweni kusagcwele udoti, kuyavundisa noma ngenye indlela.Ukungcwaba akuvundisi.Izinto ezivundisiwe zingavundisa ngezimo ezinhlanu ezibalulekile – amagciwane, umoya-mpilo, umswakama, ukufudumala nesikhathi.”
Kuqhathaniswe izinhlobo ezinhlanu ezahlukene zesikhwama sokuphatha sepulasitiki.Lokhu kwakuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili zesikhwama se-oxo-biodegradable, isikhwama esisodwa esibolayo, isikhwama esisodwa esivundisiwe, kanye nesikhwama se-polyethylene esinamandla kakhulu - isikhwama sepulasitiki esivamile.
Ucwaningo luthole ukushoda kobufakazi obucacile bokuthi izinto ezibolayo, i-oxo-biodegradable kanye ne-compostable zinikeza inzuzo yemvelo ngaphezu kwamapulasitiki avamile, kanye nethuba lokuhlukana libe ama-microplastics abangele ukukhathazeka okwengeziwe.
USolwazi Richard Thompson, oyinhloko yalolu phiko, uthe ucwaningo luphakamisa imibuzo ngokuthi ngabe umphakathi uyadukiswa yini.
“Sikhombisa lapha ukuthi izinto ezihloliwe azizange zilethe inzuzo engaguquki, enokwethenjelwa futhi efanelekile endabeni kadoti wasolwandle,” kusho yena.“Kuyangikhathaza ukuthi lezi zincwadi zamanoveli nazo zinezinselelo ekusetshenzisweni kabusha.Ucwaningo lwethu lugcizelela isidingo sezindinganiso eziphathelene nezinto eziwohlokayo, ezichaza ngokucacile indlela efanelekile yokulahla namazinga okonakaliswa okungalindelwa.”
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-23-2022
